A “Great Excursion from Wall Street to the 100th Meridian brought 250 notables including railroad and territorial officials, congressmen, financiers and newspaper men on the first passenger train to run west of the Missouri River. To celebrate this record-breaking achievement against terrific odds, appropriate ceremonies were enacted on this ground on October 26, 1866. Construction of the Union Pacific track reached the Meridian on October 5, 1866. , The 100th longitudinal line west of Greenwich was the major goal set by Congress in building the first transcontinental railroad. The song "At the Hundredth Meridian" by The Tragically Hip is about the 100th meridian west, specifically in Canada, and how it has traditionally been considered "where the great plains begin.The 100th Meridian. Highway 30 in Cozad, Nebraska, marks the place where the 100th meridian intersects with the routes of the Oregon Trail, Pony Express, transcontinental railroad, and the Lincoln Highway. White settlement, spreading westward after the American Civil War, settled the area around this meridian during the 1870s.Ī sign across U.S. Historically the meridian has often been taken as a rough boundary between the eastern and western United States. The type of agriculture west of the meridian typically relies heavily on irrigation. In the central Great Plains, the meridian roughly marks the western boundary of the normal reach of moist air from the Gulf of Mexico, and the approximate boundary (although some areas do push the boundary slightly farther east) between the semi-arid climate to the west and the humid continental (north of about 37°N) and humid subtropical (south of about 37°N) climates to the east. Dodge City, Kansas lies exactly at the intersection of the Arkansas River and the 100th meridian. In the United States the meridian 100° west of Greenwich forms the eastern border of the Texas panhandle with Oklahoma (which traces its origin to the Adams-Onís Treaty in 1819 which settled the border between New Spain and the United States between the Red River and Arkansas River). Nunavut Manitoba - from, passing just west of Brandon Passing just east of Hat Island, Nunavut, (at ) Nunavut - Royal Geographical Society Islands Passing just east of Gateshead Island, Nunavut, (at ) Nunavut - Berkeley Islands and Bathurst Island Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 100th meridian west passes through: Co-ordinates In the United States, this meridian roughly marks the boundary between the semi-arid climate in the west and the humid continental and humid subtropical climates in the east and is used as shorthand to refer to that arid-humid boundary. The 100th meridian west forms a great circle with the 80th meridian east. The meridian 100° west of the Prime Meridian of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
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